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Above the Influence originated as a government-based campaign of the National Youth Anti-Drug Media Campaign conducted by the Office of National Drug Control Policy in the United States that includes broad messaging to focus on substances most abused by teens, and delivers both broad prevention messaging at the national level and more targeted efforts at the local community level.〔()〕 The Media Campaign has two distinct areas of focus: a teen-targeted Above the Influence Campaign, and a young adult-targeted Anti-Meth Campaign. By law, the purpose of the Media Campaign was to prevent drug abuse among teens in the United States; increase awareness of adults of the impact of drug abuse on young people; and encourage parents and other interested adults to discuss with young people the dangers of illegal drug use. The campaign continues to be inspired by the stories teens have told about their lives, and how they deal with the influences that shape their decisions. 〔()〕 The goal of this campaign is to help teens stand up to negative pressures, and influences. The more aware one becomes about the influences around them, the more prepared they will be to face them, including the pressure to use drugs and alcohol. "Above the Influence" is symbolized by its campaign logo featuring an arrow pointing up with a circle around it. As of March 2014, federal funding and oversight of Above the Influence ceased, and it transitioned to become a program of the not-for-profit (Partnership for Drug-Free Kids ). ==References== In 2006, the Government Accountability Office released the results of 5-year-study, concluding that the previous, “My Anti-Drug”, campaign was ineffective, and likely counterproductive, leading those exposed to an increased perception that others use marijuana, stating, "analysis also indicated that among current, non-drug-using youth, exposure to the campaign had unfavorable effects on their anti-drug norms and perceptions of other youths’ use of marijuana — that is, greater exposure to the campaign was associated with weaker anti-drug norms and increases in the perceptions that others use marijuana."〔http://www.gao.gov/new.items/d06818.pdf page 10〕 In 2011, The Ohio State University released the results of an independent scientific study stating that the ''Above the Influence'' campaign appears to have effectively reduced marijuana use by teenagers. "Evidence for the success of ''Above the Influence'' is especially heartening because the primary independent evaluation of its predecessor campaign, 'My Anti-Drug', showed no evidence for success", said Michael Slater, principal investigator of the new study and professor of communication at Ohio State University. “The ‘Above the Influence’ campaign appears to be successful because it taps into the desire by teenagers to be independent and self-sufficient,” Slater said. He also mentioned the limitations of the study. These include the fact that findings regarding the ONDCP campaign were based on survey results and not a randomized, experimental design in which some youth saw the ONDCP campaign and others did not. Another limitation was that the study, while taking place in 20 communities around the U.S., did not use a random sample of U.S. youth. 〔http://researchnews.osu.edu/archive/aboveinfluence.htm〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Above the Influence」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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